Interspersed with D. multiflorum; D. ida-maia seen lower down by the road
This is a geographic range map for the five well-established continental subspecies of Common Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana) in the U.S. and Mexico. Each subspecies' distribution was estimated by me based on my reading of the literature, my decades of experience with this species, as well as using iNaturalist.org data as a guide. In some instance, I estimate where this species should occur based on elevation and habitat even in the absence of current data.
There are a couple insular species and subspecies off the coast of California as well as in the Gulf of California not depicted on this map for simplicity. In addition, some areas of subspecific distribution are uncertain, such as long the east short of the Gulf of California or in the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico as well as where U.s.elegans gives way to U.s.nevadensis and U.s.stansburiana in the Great Basin. These areas are works in progress.
I have placed the location of this observation near Grand Canyon only it allows the error bubble to encompass the entirety of this species' known range.
My only goal in sharing this is to aid iNatters in identifying why they may be seeing one subspecies or another in their observations. For now, subspecies can be identified based on geographic location, but the contact zones are areas where one or the other subspecies' genetics may come through in terms of pattern.
Relevant literature for species and subspecies descriptions
Baird, S. F., and C. Girard. 1852. Characteristics of some new reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 6:68-70.
Ballinger, R. E., and D. W. Tinkle. 1972. Systematics and evolution of the genus Uta (Sauria: Iguanidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 145:1-83.
Knowlton, G. F., and E. W. Anthon. 1935. Uta stansburiana stansburiana (Baird and Girard). Copeia 1935:183.
McKinney, C. O. 1971. An analysis of zones of intergradation in the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana (Sauria: Iguanidae). Copeia 1971:596-613.
Pack, L. E., and W. W. Tanner. 1970. A taxonomic comparison of Uta stansburiana of the Great Basin and the Upper Colorado River Basin in Utah, with a description of a new subspecies. Great Basin Naturalist 30:71-90.
Ruthven, A. G. 1913. Description of a new Uta from Nevada. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 26:27-29.
Schmidt, K. P. 1921. A new name for a subspecies of Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard. American Museum Novitates 15:1-2.
Yarrow, H. C. 1882. Descriptions of new species of reptiles and amphibians in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum:438-443.
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(updated 1 May, 2024)
A few individuals along the Garanta del Diablo trail.
Not sure if this is some sort of plant or fungus.
Hierba de flores blancas o moradas
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Coyote Creek, Third Crossing
Found a lot of these beauties today!
Human vision vs UV + bug vision filter
Purple Pleatleaf (Alophia drummondii) produces a few flowers, which only last a single day.
The flowers secretes fatty acid floral oil, instead of sweet nectar.
The main pollinators of Alophia drummondii are oil bees.
This observation is of the Fish, rather than the Snake that ingested it (listed separately).
My colleagues and I took this photograph of an actual original and unique X-Ray (physical "hard copy") film made in the Emergency Room of the University hospital in which I worked night shifts back in 2002. It was the regional center for medical treatment of snake bites in north central Florida. This Florida Cottonmouth's (Agkistrodon conanti) coiled body, head to tail, can be measured on the original film by laying a piece of string on the image, tracing the course of the backbone. At 58 inches, or 4 feet 10 inches (147 centimeters) then, this a pretty large snake as Water Moccasins go.
What's more, one of the main reasons we X-rayed it at all was that it had clearly recently eaten something. It had a large bulge in it's stomach, down about a third of it's body length, just past its air-filled lungs that are visible on the film as well defined darker shapes. We found the bulge was a big fish with a large blunt bony skull and easily discernable swim bladder, which we thought to be a catfish (though we lacked an Ichthyologist amongst the E.R. staff of course).
I can follow the fish's spine for much of its length in the image, but lose it somewhere along the snake's lung in the extreme right of the picture. There is an interesting and distinct structure visible at the top that looks to me like a bony spine at the front of the dorsal fin. The skull is about 7 centimeters long, and the fin spine about 3 centimeters long, measured directly from the actual film. I don't know whether the loose dense material below the swim bladder represents the fish's stomach contents, or something else in the snake's stomach. The X-Ray film was 11 by 14 inches in size, so the fish must have been roughly around a foot (30 centimeters) long in total. We did not, in any case dissect the snake in the E.R.
My impression at the time was that this was most likely something like a Brown Bullhead, just judging from what I could make out of its size and shape. It would be fascinating to hear from someone more familiar with fish skeletons and anatomy. I am sure identification from an X-Ray is possible, considering what can be done with even fossil remains among experts. I will defer to anyone with more experience reading fish X-rays.
The Radiological Technician that made the actual exposure for us on film, at my request, wrote the details of the exposure for future reference on the film itself, which, though the film suffered damage when it was later stolen from my vehicle inside a locked briefcase and dumped out in a back alley and further mistreated both by the thieves and the weather, I can still read most of what he wrote with a "magic marker":
"40(or 46) MA
1 MAS
56 KV"
Are there any X-Ray Tech's out there who can confirm that that is in fact a good exposure for a big dead snake with enclosed fish?
Sometimes you just gotta mash the shutter for too long
This is the female red fox and her two kits playing.
Hierba frecuente a un costado de la carretera en planicie y lugar de fácil encharcamientos
Fotos feitas durante trabalho de registro da expedição BIOTRIPS AMAZÔNIA, realizada pelo parceiro Thiago Silva-Soares.