...continued from https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/milewski/91630-walking-gaits-in-cervidae-deer-tend-to-cross-walk-as-opposed-to-the-ambling-typical-of-many-bovids-part-2-odocoileinae#
DISCUSSION
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/60154859
It is unsurprising that I have found photographic evidence of all species of deer semi cross-walking.
In ungulates generally, the least remarkable gait is a semi cross-walk.
This is because
However, there is a divergence among ruminants in walking gaits, with cover-dependent species erring towards cross-walking, and 'plains game' erring towards ambling.
In bovids, this divergence/dichotomy results in whole tribes, e.g. Alcelaphini and Hippotragini (https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/milewski/85349-gaits-and-other-aspects-of-locomotion-in-hippotragin-bovids#), that consistently amble.
For example:
This is behaviourally and ecologically correlated, as follows:
The pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) belongs to a different family, viz. Antilocapridae. It conforms to the 'plains game' category, and ambles accordingly (https://es.123rf.com/photo_30436381_pronghorn-antelope-p%C3%A9rez.html).
Impalas (Aepycerotini) are a particularly interesting tribe of bovids, combining a superficially deer-like appearance with multifaceted peculiarities (https://www.inaturalist.org/posts/89229-an-index-to-my-posts-about-the-impala-aepyceros-melampus#). They seem cover-dependent, but actually conform in various ways to 'plains game'.
Accordingly, impalas amble:
The bovid Kobus defassa is comparable in body size and shape to the cervid Cervus canadensis. However, the former is more likely than the latter to amble (https://front.motionarray.com/stock-video/common-waterbuck-walking-between-trees-1179445/ and https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-walking-african-waterbuck-in-wild-78946808.html).
By contrast to many bovids, no cervid normally ambles. The semi cross-walk is retained by even those species showing certain adaptations associated with 'plains game', such as
Masculine display in the rutting season does not involve a modification of gaits in Cervus elaphus, Cervus canadensis, and Elaphurus davidianus. These species 'strut' by semi cross-walking, not ambling.
Dama dama is, by contrast, versatile. In its 'strutting', this species adopts an amble under some circumstances, and a cross-walk under other circumstances..
Comentarios
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